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M&A Tax Structuring
Mitigating Deal Dilution

Acquisitions, demergers, and slump sales fail when tax liabilities erode the intended deal value. We engineer transaction structures that preserve carry-forward losses, optimize capital gains, and shield founders from deemed-income traps.

Ideal for: Private Equity buyouts, Startups undergoing Acquisition, and Corporate Restructuring.

50+
Deal Tax Structures Advised
₹50-500Cr
Typical Transaction Size
Zero
Post-Deal Tax Surprises

The Silent Deal Killers

M&A transactions drafted by corporate lawyers without deep tax substantiation often harbor catastrophic tax liabilities that trigger post-closing.

Valuation Frictions (Sec 56 & 50CA)

If shares are sold below Fair Market Value (FMV), the seller is taxed on the FMV. If shares are issued above FMV, the company is taxed on the premium.

Consequence: Double taxation on the perceived "gap" between commercial intent and statutory valuation.

Loss of Accumulated Tax Shields

Target companies often have crores in carry-forward losses. Changing 51% shareholding instantly nullifies these tax assets unless specific structuring exceptions (Sec 79/72A) are implemented.

Consequence: Acquiring a company but losing its most valuable deferred tax asset.

Goodwill Amortization Denial

Pre-2021, acquirers could claim depreciation on goodwill arising from acquisitions. Post Finance Act 2021, goodwill is no longer a depreciable asset.

Consequence: Vastly reduced post-acquisition cash flows requiring alternative IP valuations.

Historical Tax Successor Liability

In amalgamations, the acquirer inherits the tax history of the target. Undisclosed GST mismatches or pending income tax litigations transfer directly to the new entity.

Consequence: Paying crores for past sins committed by the previous management.

Transaction Tax Lifecycle

01

Tax Due Diligence

Deep-dive forensic review of the target's direct and indirect tax history. We identify pending assessments, aggressive tax positions taken by previous management, deferred tax assets, and unrecorded contingent liabilities.

Output: Quantified 'Tax Risk Matrix' used to adjust the deal valuation directly.
02

Deal Structuring

Modeling the tax consequences of multiple acquisition routes: Slump Sale vs. Itemized Sale vs. Demerger vs. Share Acquisition. We calculate the exact cash-outflow for the buyer and net-in-hand for the seller under each scenario.

Output: Tax-Optimal Transaction Blueprint.
03

SPA Drafting & Indemnities

Collaborating with corporate counsel to draft airtight tax indemnity clauses in the Share Purchase Agreement (SPA). We design escrow mechanisms to protect the buyer from pre-closing tax liabilities that materialize post-closing.

Output: Legally Enforceable Escrow and Indemnity Protection.
Case Study

Acquisition Restructuring: Protecting the Deal

Client Profile

  • • Listed manufacturing group acquiring an AI logistics startup
  • • ₹45 Cr consideration: Cash + Equity mix
  • • Startup had ₹8 Cr in carry-forward operating losses
  • • Initial legal draft: Straight 100% share acquisition

Structural Flaws Detected

  • Loss Erasure: The 100% share transfer would breach Section 79, permanently destroying the ₹8 Cr tax shelter.
  • Angel Tax: The high premium valuation triggered Section 56(2)(viib) exposure for the capital injection phase.

Our Execution

  • • Scrapped the share acquisition. Redesigned as a Slump Sale transferring the 'undertaking'.
  • • Designed a deferred earn-out structure to stagger the capital gains burden for founders.
  • • Executed independent DCF valuations to bulletproof the remaining equity allocations against Section 56(2).
₹8 Cr
Tax Shield Re-engineered
₹15 Cr
Contingent Liability Avoided
100%
Valuation Defensibility
Zero
Angel Tax Exposure

"M&A is fraught with tax landmines. Sami's team didn't just point out the risks our lawyers missed; they proactively restructured the acquisition vehicle. Their intervention saved the deal from collapsing under what would have been an unexpected ₹15 Crore tax assessment post-closing."

— CFO, Listed Manufacturing Group

Questions & Answers

Deal Tax Technicalities

Understanding Slump Sales, Demergers, and Valuation Discrepancies.

A slump sale transfers an 'undertaking' as a going concern. An asset sale transfers individual assets.

Slump Sale (Sec 50B)

  • • Taxed as Capital Gains
  • • No individual asset valuation required
  • • Valuation based on Net Worth of undertaking
  • • GST: Generally exempt (Schedule II)

Asset Sale

  • • Taxed as Short-Term Capital Gains/Business Income
  • • Values must be assigned to each asset
  • • Block of assets concept applies
  • • GST: Applicable on transfer of goods

Under Section 79, carry-forward losses lapse if 51% or more of voting power changes hands.

However, Sami Tax structures transactions to preserve these highly valuable tax shields through exemptions:

  • Eligible Startups: Sec 79 exempts Dpiit-recognized startups, provided all original promoters remain shareholders.
  • Demergers/Amalgamations: Sec 72A allows accumulated losses and unabsorbed depreciation to be carried forward by the resulting company if specific continuity-of-business conditions are strictly met.

If shares are issued at a premium exceeding their Fair Market Value (FMV), the excess is taxed as income in the hands of the company.

The M&A Trap:

When acquirers inject capital during an acquisition at high strategic valuations, the target company may suddenly face a 30% tax bill on the capital received if it exceeds the mathematically derived FMV.

Sami Tax conducts preemptive valuation syncing (DCF vs NAV) and structures capital injections through preference shares or convertible debt to circumvent punitive Section 56(2) taxation.

Structuring Before Signing

A term sheet should never be signed before the tax outcomes are fully modeled. Let us vet your transaction structure to shield deal value.